GESTACIONES ECTÓPICAS, ¿SEGURO QUÉ NO LAS HAS VISTO?.

Ectopic pregnancy, do you see it?

Viana, D.; Selva, L.; Segura, P.; Ortega, J. y Corpa, J.M.
Departamento de Atención Sanitaria, Salud Pública y Sanidad Animal (Histología y Anatomía Patológica), Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, 46113 Moncada, Valencia;

Correspondencia: Juan Manuel Corpa Arenas. jmcorpa@uch.ceu.es


RESUMEN
La gestación abdominal se define como la implantación y desarrollo de un óvulo fertilizado o un embrión en la cavidad peritoneal. Se clasifica como gestación abdominal primaria, si no hay evidencia de rotura uterina, y como secundaria, cuando hay rotura uterina. Durante un estudio sobre causas de eliminación de hembras reproductoras en seis granjas de la Comunidad Valenciana se realizó la necropsia a 648 conejas, de las cuáles 35 tuvieron gestaciones abdominales. Un 33’33% no presentaban lesiones en el tracto reproductivo, en el resto se diagnosticaron lesiones agudas o crónicas en el tracto reproductor. Podemos concluir que las gestaciones extrauterinas no son tan inusuales en conejas y que debería considerarse como un diagnóstico más en la patología de las conejas reproductoras. Nuevos métodos en la producción de conejos, tales como la inseminación artificial, son factores a considerar, principalmente cuando se llevan a cabo de forma inadecuada.

ABSTRACT
Abdominal pregnancy is defined as the implantation and development of a fertilized ovum or an embryo in the peritoneal cavity. Although this has been reported in several species, it is considered as a low incidence process. It is classified as a primary abdominal pregnancy, if there is no evidence of uterine rupture, with presumed regurgitation of early embryos from the uterine tube and as a secondary abdominal pregnancy, when there is evidence of uterine rupture. During a necropsy study of 648 adult fertile female New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) from six rabbit farms in Valencia (Spain), the main causes of elimination were studied. Thirty-five abdominal pregnancies were diagnosed. 33.33% animals showed no lesions in their reproductive tract. The remaining 66’66% animals showed acute or chronic lesions in the reproductive tract. The classification as a primary or secondary condition is discussed. It may be concluded therefore that extrauterine pregnancies would not be such an unusual finding in rabbits, and that this premise should be considered in the diagnostic approach when assessing rabbit doe pathology. New husbandry systems in rabbits such as artificial insemination are factors to be considered.
Key words: Abdominal pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, rabbit doe, artificial insemination.